Boiler and heating apparatus



March 1, 1938*. A. H. THOMPSON ET AL 2,109,656

BOILER AND HEATING APPARATUS Filed April 3, 1934 IN VENTORS' flzifw a;

By M (3%. ATTCWW Patented Mar. 1, 1938 UNITED STATES BOILER AND HEATINGAPPARATUS Alfred H. Thompson and Russell F. Thompson, Los Angeles,Calif.

Application April 3, 1934, Serial No. 718,782

2 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in boilers and more particularlyto heat transfer elements adapted to be used in conjunction with waterheaters and steam boilers to transmit heat from the heat zone into theheat absorbing zone such as the interior of a water heater, steamboiler, condenser and heat exchanger.

An object of this invention is to provide novel means to absorb amaximum amount of heat from the gases of combustion which convey theheat from the furnace chamber to the heating surfaces of the boiler, andto provide a maximum area of heat absorbing surface upon which the hotgases impinge.

An object of our invention is to provide a novel element adapted toextend through a boiler and project beyond the boiler shell at eitherside, and

which is particularly useful in boilers of the high pressure typewhereby economy of fuel and rapid generation of heat may be obtained,and which element will also act as a stay for the boiler.

Another object of our invention is to provide a novel heat transmittingelement which may is be easily and quickly incorporated into anyparticular type of high pressure boiler, and which is incorporatedtherein in a novel manner whereby there are no seams or joints which mayleak or become weakened and cause an explosion, and

iii) which may be readily adapted to use with high pressure steamgenerating units conforming to the A. S. M. E. code.

With the above and other objects in view, the invention consists in thenovel and useful provi- JY sion, formation, construction, associationand interrelation of parts, members and features, all as shown in theaccompanying drawing, described generally, and more particularly pointedout in the claims.

Other objects, advantages and features of invention may appear from theaccompanying drawing, the subjoined detail description and the appendedclaims.

The accompanying drawing illustrates the invention in some of the formswe at present deem preferable.

Fig. l is a sectional view of a high pressure boiler disclosing thearrangement of continuous heat transfer elements therein.

Fig. 2 is an elevational view partly in section of one of the continuousheat transfer elements.

Fig. 3 is a detail in section of the small end of the element disclosedin Figs. 1 and 2 showing the formation of the shoulder provided forriveting and welding.

The invention consists primarily in the introduction of the heattransfer elements disclosed in detail in Figs. 2 and 3 into boilers,heaters, condensers and heat exchangers of different types for thepurpose of more efliciently absorbing the 5 heat contained in the gasesof combustion passing to the flue from the combustion chamber or furnaceand transmitting the heat so absorbed to the interior of a chamber anddissipating the heat so transmitted by radiation to the matter 10 withinthe chamber to be heated.

In Fig. 2 there is disclosed a continuous form of the element adapted toextend through a boiler and project beyond the boiler shell at eitherside. The heat transfer element comprises a circular 15 body 29 threadedas at 0. adjacent one end to be screwed into the threaded plate 30 andis further provided with a shoulder 35 adapted to seat against the plate3.0 when the element is screwed tight; the end 32 extends outside theplate 35] and 20 is preferably square to provide a seat for the use of aWrench.

The opposite end 33 of the body 29 is threaded to provide for it beingscrewed into the threaded plate 34 and when screwed therein may beriveted into place as shown by the shoulder 35, while 1 the body 29extends to form the end 33.

The threaded portions 23 and a may be a tapered thread which whenscrewed home will tightly fit its associated threaded opening and inthat event the shoulders 22 and 35 may be dispensed with and theelements are thereby more peculiarly adapted to fit a rounded surface.

As will be seen in Fig. 1 the body 29 may be of any desired length tofit any particular type of 35 high pressure boiler or any part of anyboiler, and when the elements are placed in a criss cross and verticalarrangement provide the maximum of heat transferring means for extremelyrapid generation of steam, and act as stays for the boiler.

Referring to Fig. 1 it will be seen that the boiler comprises a fire boxor furnace 35 having an oil or gas burner 37!, the furnace opening intoa chamber 38 that is an extension of said fire box and connecting bymeans of ports 39 with the gas passages 45 thence to the flue l 1 Thesides of the furnace 36 extend upwardly to form the boiler setting 42which supports the boiler shell 33 and the outside jacket or shell 44which are removably mounted thereon.

The boiler shell 43 is provided with a bottom section 45 firmly securedas by rivets it or welding, and a top 4'! is similarly secured to theshell 43.

The heat transfer elements 48 are passed through the boiler shell 43 andare secured thereto by riveting or welding, the elements 49 are placedcrossways and similarly fastened, and the elements 50 pass through thetop 4! and the bottom 45 and are similarly secured. The projecting ends32 and 33 of the several elements project into the gas passages 40 andabsorb heat which is thereupon transmitted into the interior of theboiler and dissipated to the contents of the boiler. The relativelylarge area of heat absorbing elements thus provided materially increasesthe heat absorption from the gases and materially increases the speedwith which the contents of the boiler may be heated. This form of boileris especiallyadapted for use where rapid generation of high pressuresteam is required.

It is the intention that the furnace herein disclosed be supplied, inreduction to practice, with the conventional inlet and outlet valves,pressure gauges, water height glasses, automatic water injectors orpumps, automatic furnace controlling mechanism, and such other controls,registers and mechanisms as may be required for the satisfactoryoperation of the boiler in its various uses, and the invention is to beconsidered as applicable to use with any and all modern improvements inthe art.

In the construction of boiler plate it has been found that the grain ofthe metal comprising the plates lies in a direction lengthwise of theplate. It is tobe understood that in the manufacture of the heattransfer elements herein described that the materials from which theyare made are to have a grain trend so that the grain runs lengthwise ofthe element and thus cross ways to the surrounding boiler plate when theelements are associated therewith.

The transfer of heat through the elements from one end of the element tothe other is by conduction. There being a free allowance for expansionand contraction between the end of the element subjected to the heat andthe end radiating the heat and therefor possibility for any leakage byfracture of joints is eliminated.

The elements disclosed in Figs. 2 and 3 are particularly adapted to beused when foreign substances, are present in the water.

Steam boilers or generators constructed with our novel transfer elementsenable us to construct a boiler with a maximum amount of liberatingsurface which is not possible to obtain with other types of boilers orgenerators.

The heat transfer elements are preferably made of mild steel, but mayalso be made from cast iron, cast steel, cold rolled, brass alloy,copper or any material that will give the results required in the workrequired.

Upon reduction of the invention to practice service tests proved thatthis form of boiler construction produced great economy and conservationof fuel, the least waste, material decrease in stack temperature, aminimum of cooling surfaces of boilers, and a greater storage of latentheat than any other form of boiler.

From the foregoing it will be seen that we have constructed a novelheating apparatus and method of heating liquid bodies without requiringthe use of tubes, coils or flues which have heretofore been required inheating apparatuses.

The invention is readily adaptable to many forms of boilers, Waterheaters, condensers and heat exchangers and may be incorporated intoheaters, steam generators, superheaters, melting pots, cookers, kettles,or any heating or radiating apparatus for use with either liquids orsolids, for either heating or pressure Work.

Certain modifications of the invention. in reduction to practice willpresent themselves to one versed in the art, and such modifications maywell be made without departing from the spirit of the invention asdefined in the following claims.

With our novel heat transfer elements associated with boiler shells wehave discovered that in actual tests with boilers of the characterillustrated, steam generated to a gauge pressure of 50 lbs. will deliversteam at a temperature of 400 degrees Fahrenheit and equal intemperature to steam at about 225 lb. gauge pressure, thereby providinga boiler which will superheat the steam in each instance that the boilershell is provided with our heat transfer elements above the usual waterline.

We claim:

1. A heating apparatus comprising a shell, heat transfer elementsinserted in said shell and passing through said shell and extendingbeyond said shell to form heat absorbing means, said elements havingthreaded portions adjacent its ends, an enlarged squared member at oneend and one of said threaded portions being tapered to make a tightjoint with said shell, and the second threaded portion adjacent theopposite end having an extending portion adapted to be upset to form anannular rivet against the shell and said element being extended beyondsaid upset portion into the heating zone for said shell.

2. A combined stay bolt and heat transfer element comprising an elongatebody, having threaded portions at each end thereof adapted for threadedengagement with spaced walls of a shell; portions extending from eachthreaded portion of said body; one of said extending portions and itsadjacent threadedportion being of a larger diameter than said body, andthe other extending portion being of a smaller diameter than said body;and a portion on said body adjacent said last mentioned extendingportion adapted to be upset to securely rivet said element to saidshell.

ALFRED H. THOMPSON. RUSSELL F. THOMPSON.

